Ratchet-gearing.



J. T. BARBER. RATGHET GEARING.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 7, 1912.

1,057,027. l Patented Ma.25,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Hmeooeo y J @umg n COLLYMBIA PLNOGR I APH co.,wASH|NuTON D c J. T.BARBER.

RATCHET GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, 1912.

1,057,0z7, v Patented 11131.25, 1913.

. r 3 ams,

JAMES T. BARBER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

RATcnET-GARING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ratented Mar. 25, 1913.

Application filed May 7, 1912. Serial No. 695,797.

in the drum shaft of the windlass is rotated continuously in onedirection by an oscillation of an actuating handle.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a very simple andeffective mechamsm of this character having few parts, and

these under ready control.,

A further object is to provide meansj whereby the driving gear of thewindlass` may be readily shifted into and out of en-` gagement with thedriven gear on the drum` shaft and held positively in engagement orIpositively out of engagement as desired by the operator.

A further object is to provide a brake in connection with the drum shaftand pawl carrying drum which may be operated either when the drivinggear is in engagement with the driven gears or out of engagementthererecesses 8. It 1s sufficient 1f any means 1s with.

A further object is to improve the details of construction in this classof mechanism as will appear more fully hereinafter.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Figure1 is a front elevation of the windlass partly in section, the frontplate of the casing and the driving gear being removed. Fig. 2 is asection on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of amodified form of the pawl carrying drum. Fig. 4 is a detail view of oneof the sections of a bearing for the driven shaft.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated 6 may be either keyed to the shaft 5 orotherwise attached thereto in any suitable and obvious manner so thatthe shaft and drums will rotatetogether. Also carried upon the shaft 5at the middle thereof and either keyed or otherwise attached thereto isa ratchet carrying drum 7 which likewise forms the brakedrum of theapparatus as will be later described. This drum 7 is formed on itsperiphery with a plurality of pawl carrying recesses 8. As illustratedin Fig. 2, these recesses are circular in form but the recess may berectangular in form as shown in Fig.- 3 in which the recesses, however,are designated 8a.

Mounted in the recesses 8 (or 8a) are a plurality of pawls designated 9.In each recess there are a pair of these pawls extending in oppositedirections and interposed between each pair of pawls is a spring 10which may be of any suitable character but which is shown as a coilspring, this spring acting to force the pawls outward. The pawls ofcourse conform to the shape of the recesses 8 or 8, and if the recessesare circular, as in Fig. 1, then the pawls are provided with feathers orsplines 11 which engage in spline-receiving extensions of the providedfor preventing the rotation of the circular pawls in the recesses 8. Ofcourse, where square recesses 8a are used, there is no necessity ofusing a spline or key. It will be noted in Fig. 1 that the pawls 9 ofeach pair of pawls are beveled in the same direction at their outerends, that is, outward and downward. Loosely mounted upon the shaft 5and independently rotatable thereon are the oppositely disposed bevelgears 12,v each formed with a hub 13 which contacts with the inner faceof the adjacent wall 4- and each formed upon its face with theprojecting ratchet teeth 14; with which the pawls 9 engage. Theseratchet teeth are of course inclined in the opposite direction to theinclined face of the pawls 9 as illustrated in Fig. 1. The front of thecasing formed byv the walls 4 is closed by a plate 15 having a centralhub 16, this hub being interiorly screw threaded, the threads beingsquare threads and relatively few in number. Disposed within the hub 16is a sleeve 17 which is formed eXteriorly with screw threads 18 whichengage with the internal screw threads of the hub 16. Attached to thissleeve 17 is a radially extending handle 19 whereby the sleeve may beturned. Passing through the center of the sleeve 17 is a shaft 20carrying at its inner end a bevel gear 21 which meshes with both of thebevel gears 12. Tt will be noted from Fig. 2 that the sleeve 17 bearsagainst the inner face of the bevel gear 21.

Mounted upon the outer end of the shaft 20 and bearing against theexterior face of the sleeve 17, is a. socket member 22. This surroundsthe shaft 20 and is keyed thereto and is formed with the annular socket23, outwardly flaring so as to receive a hand spike or windlass bar'ofany suitable character and designated 24. It will be seen that with thisconstruction a rotation of the sleeve 17 caused by an actuation of thehandle 19 will cause the shaft 2O to be shifted either inward or outwarddepending upon which direction the handle 19 is turned. Thus by rotatingthe handle 19 in one or the other direction, the gear 21 may be shiftedeither into or out of engagement with the gears 12. Tt will also beobvious that an oscillation of the socket lnember 22 in both directionswill cause a rotation of the drum 7 and the shaft 5 in one direction,provided the gear 21 meshes with the gears 12. Surrounding the drum' 7is a brake band 25. One end of this brake band passes loosely around ashaft 2G which is mounted in suitable bearings and extends transverselyof the windlass at the rear thereof. This shaft carries upon it a disk27 having oppositely disposed pins 28 which engage with loops 29 formedin the other end of the brake band. The shaft 26 carries at-its ends theforwardly projecting treadles 30. It will be obvious that upon adepression of the treadles the disk 27 will be rotated and the brakeband tightened upon t-he drum 7. Where a brake band is used inconnection with the drum 7, it is preferable to provide the drum 7 withthe circular recess 8 and the cylindrical pawls 9 as thereby t-hecontinuity of the surface of the drum is not interrupted. For thepurpose of forming bearings in the casing to support the shaft 5, Tprovide journal bearings, one 31 formed on each of the Walls 4L and theother 33 being in the form of a cap and removable. This cap 33 has anextension 32 which extends along the wall 4 and abuts against thecovering plate 15.

The operation of the invention is as follows: The handle 19 is shiftedin a counterclockwise direction as far as it can go until gears 21 and12 are in mesh. The lbrake lever 30 is then released and the handle 24is oscillated whereby an oscillating movement is given to gears 21 and12 and a continuous rotation given to the drum 7, the

lshaft 5 and the winding drums 6. To release the winding mechanism inorderto permit the lowering of the object being raised by the windlass,the handle 19 is moved in a clockwise direction until gear 21 isreleased from gears 12 and the shaft 5 will then run free except for thecontrol exerted by the friction brake It will be seen that theconstruction described Ais very compact, is positive in its actuation,and that the means for putting the shaft 5 into and out of gear` withthe actuating handle is disposed immediately adjacent to the actuatinghandle and is very simple and positive in its operation. Furthermore, itwill be seen that the brake may be used either when the gear 21 is inmesh with the gears 12 or not as desired.

that T claim is:

1. In apparatus of the character described a driven shaft, oppositelydisposed bevel gear wheels loose on the driven shaft, oppositelydisposed pairs of pawls carried by the driven shaft and engaging saidgear wheels on a movement of the gear wheels in one direction butldisengaging therefijom upon a movement of the gear wheels in an oppositedirection, an oscillating driving member having gear teeth intermeshingwith the teeth of the bevel gear wheels, said member being shiftableinto and ont of en gagement with said bevel gear wheels, and means foroscillating said driving member.

2. In apparatus of the character described a driven shaft, oppositelydisposed bevel gear wheels loose on the driven shaft, oppositelydisposed pairs of pawls carried by the driven shaft and engaging saidgear wheels on a movement of the gear wheels in one direction butdisengaging therefrom upon a movement of the gear wheels in a reversedirection, an oscillating member having gear teeth intermeshing withboth of the bevel gear'wheels, said member being shiftable toward orfrom the gear wheels, means for oppositely shifting said member, andmeans for oscillating said member.

3. In apparatus of the character described, a driven shaft, a drum onthe driven shaft, oppositely disposed bevel gear wheels located on eachside of the drum and loose on the shaft, spring actuated pawls carriedby the drum and engaging said bevel gear wheels on a movement of thesaid gear wheels in one direction but disengaging therefrom upon amovement in the reverse direction, an oscillating driving mem ber havinggear teeth intermeshing withV the teeth of the bevel gear wheels, saidmember being shiftable into and out of engagement with the bevel gearwheels, a screw threaded sleeve engaging said member and rotatable ineither direction to force the member into and out of engagement with thebevel gear wheels, and means on said member whereby it may beoscillated.

4L. In apparatus of the character described, a driven shaft, a drummounted on the driven shaft and having a plurality of transversegrooves, bevel gear wheels disposed on each side of the drum loose onsaid shaft, each bevel gear wheel being formed with inwardly projectingratchet teeth, oppositely disposed spring actuated pawls carried in thegrooves of said drum engaging the ratchet teeth of the gear wheels, anoscillating member having gear teeth engaging with the teeth of both thebevel gear wheels, a shaft upon which the member is' mounted, saidshaftand member being shift-- able toward and from the bevel gearwheels, a handle operatively connected to said shaft whereby it may beoscillated, and means engaging the shaft for shifting the driving memberinto and out of engagement with the bevel gear wheels.

l'n apparatus of the character described, a. driven shaft, a drummounted on the driven shaft and transversely grooved, oppositelydispo-sed bevel gear wheels loose on the driven shaft and disposed oneach side of the drum, each of the gear wheeels having inwardlyprojecting ratchet teeth, spring actuated pawls mounted in the groovesof the drum and engaging said ratchet teeth, a shaft extending at rightangles to the axis of the drum, a bevel gear wheeel mounted on lsaidshaft and adapted to engage the first named bevel gear wheels, saidshaft bey ing shiftable to carry the driving bevel gear out ofengagement with the driven bevel gear wheels, a screw threaded sleeve'surrounding said shaft, a fixed member having screw threads with whichthe screw threads of the sleeve engage, a handle on said sleeve wherebyit may be rotated, and a handle operatively connected to the shaftwhereby it may be oscillated.

(i. ln apparatus of the character described, a driven shaft, oppositelydisposed bevel gear wheels loosely mounted on the driven shaft and eachhaving inwardly projecting ratchet teeth, a drum on the shaft havingtransversely extending grooves, spring pressed pawls disposed in saidgrooves and having yielding engagement with the ratchet teeth on thebevel gear wheels, a driving shaft mounted at right angles to the drum,a bevel gear wheel mounted on said driving shaft and intermeshing withthe driven bevel gear wheels, a fixed casing having interior screwthreads through which said driving shaft passes, a sleeve surroundingthe driving shaft and longitudinally movable therewith, said sleevehaving exterior screw threads engaging the screw threads of the casing,a handle on said sleeve, and a socket operatively connected to the shaftand adapted to receive a handle.

7. In apparatus of the character described, a driven shaft, a drummounted upon the driven shaft, oppositely spaced bevel gear wheels looseo-n the driven shaft and dis- 'posed on each side of the drum, pawlscarried by the drum and engaging said gear wheels on a movement of thegear wheels in one direction but disengaging therefrom on a movement ina reverse direction, a brake band passing around said drum, a brakelever connected to the brake band, an oscillating driving member havinggear teeth intermeshing with the teeth of both the bevel gear wheels,said memberbeing shiftable into and out of engagement therewith, meansfor oscillating said member, and means for positively shifting saidmember into and out of said engagement.

8. In apparatus of the character described, a driven shaft, a drummounted thereon,- oppositely disposed bevel gear wheels loose on thedriven shaft and located at opposite ends of the drum, pawls carried bythe drum and engaging said gear wheels on a movement of the gear wheelsin one direction but disengaging therefrom on a movement in the reversedirection, a brake band surrounding the drum, mechanism for tighteningthe brake band on the drum, and mechanism for causing oscillations ofthe bevel gear wheels in directions reverse to each other.

9. In apparatus of the character described, a supporting standard, adriven shaft journaled in said standard, a centrally disposed brake drummounted on said shaft and having a plurality of transversely extendinggrooves, oppositely disposed bevel gear wheels loosely mounted on theshaft at opposite ends of the drum and having ratchet teeth on theirinner faces, spring actuated pawls mounted in the grooves of the drumand engaging the ratchet teeth of the gearv wheels, a brake bandsurrounding the drum, a brake lever connected to the brake band, adriving member having teeth intermeshing with the teeth of both thebevel gear wheels, a shaft upon which the driving member is mounted, acasing through which the shaft passes, said casing having an interiorlythreaded hub, a sleeve surrounding the lshaft and supported within thehub having external screw threads engaging the threads of the hub, saidsleeve being longitudinally movable with the shaft but independentlyrotatable with relation thereto, a handle for 'rotating said sleeve, asocket connected to the shaft, and a handle detachably engaging saidsocket.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

PATRICK A. WHITNEY, WILLIAM H. MoELRoY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

